Research Index
Index of all 437 peer-reviewed studies in this vault, organized by peptide. Studies link directly to their individual PMID notes.
5-Amino-1MQ โ 10 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29155147 | NNMT Regulates Adipogenesis and Adipocyte Metabolism (landmark) | 2018 | Biochem Pharmacol |
| 30753815 | NNMT Inhibition Reverses Age-Associated Muscle Decline | 2019 | Biochem Pharmacol |
| 33453420 | Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase: At the crossroads between metabolic reprogramming and immune suppression | 2021 | Pharmacol Ther |
| 34304009 | Pharmacokinetic Characterization of 5-Amino-1MQ | 2021 | J Pharm Biomed Anal |
| 35013352 | NNMT Inhibition and Gut Microbiome Interactions | 2022 | Sci Rep |
| 38919254 | Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT): a novel therapeutic target | 2024 | โ |
| 39161060 | 5-Amino-1MQ Dose-Response in Metabolic Syndrome | 2024 | Diabetes Obes Metab |
| 39604638 | Exploring NNMT from metabolic pathways to therapeutic targets | 2024 | โ |
| 40484359 | Nicotinamide-N-methyltransferase inhibition improves cardiac function | 2025 | โ |
| 41008588 | Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase in Cardiovascular Diseases | 2025 | โ |
BAM15 โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24634817 | Identification of a novel mitochondrial uncoupler that does not depolarize the plasma membrane | 2014 | Mol Metab |
| 32409697 | BAM15 reverses diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice | 2020 | Nat Commun |
| 37900126 | BAM15 as a mitochondrial uncoupler: a promising therapeutic agent for diverse diseases | 2023 | Front Endocrinol |
AOD-9604 โ 8 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10950816 | Lipolytic Fragment of Growth Hormone AOD9604 | 2000 | Am J Physiol |
| 11146367 | AOD9604: A Novel Lipolytic Fragment of Human GH | 2000 | Horm Res |
| 11673763 | AOD9604 Effects on Obesity in Zucker Rats | 2001 | Int J Obes |
| 11713213 | The effects of human GH and its lipolytic fragment (AOD9604) on lipid metabolism | 2001 | โ |
| 15134286 | AOD9604 Clinical Development Review | 2004 | Curr Opin Investig Drugs |
| 25208511 | Detection and in vitro metabolism of AOD9604 | 2014 | โ |
| 26275694 | AOD9604 Osteoarthritic Cartilage Effects | 2015 | Ann Clin Lab Sci |
| 41966639 | AOD9604 in Sports Medicine Review | 2026 | Sports Med |
Amylin โ 2 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21742788 | IAPP, Islet Amyloid, and Diabetes Mellitus | 2011 | Physiol Rev |
| 30919775 | Human Amylin: From Pathology to Physiology and Pharmacology | 2019 | Pharmacol Rev |
BPC-157 โ 17 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16609979 | Effective therapy of transected quadriceps muscle in rat: Gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 | 2006 | J Orthop Res |
| 21030672 | The promoting effect of pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on tendon healing | 2011 | J Appl Physiol |
| 22950504 | Toxicity by NSAIDs. Counteraction by stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 | 2013 | Curr Pharm Des |
| 27138887 | Brain-gut Axis and Pentadecapeptide BPC 157: Theoretical and Practical Implications | 2016 | Curr Neuropharmacol |
| 29998800 | BPC 157 and Standard Angiogenic Growth Factors. GI Tract Healing, Lessons from Tendon, Ligament, Muscle and Bone Healing | 2018 | Curr Pharm Des |
| 30915550 | Gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and wound healing | 2018 | โ |
| 32445447 | BPC 157 Rescued NSAID-cytotoxicity Via Stabilizing Intestinal Permeability and Enhancing Cytoprotection | 2020 | Curr Pharm Des |
| 34267654 | Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and Wound Healing | 2021 | Front Pharmacol |
| 34324435 | Intra-Articular Injection of BPC 157 for Multiple Types of Knee Injuries | 2021 | โ |
| 34380875 | Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and the central nervous system | 2022 | Neural Regen Res |
| 36551977 | Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and Striated, Smooth, and Heart Muscle | 2022 | Biomedicines |
| 39265666 | Injectable Therapeutic Peptides: An Adjunct to Regenerative Medicine | 2024 | โ |
| 39325560 | Effect of BPC-157 on Symptoms in Patients with Interstitial Cystitis: A Pilot Study | 2024 | Altern Ther Health Med |
| 40005999 | Multifunctionality and Possible Medical Application of the BPC 157 Peptide | 2025 | Pharmaceuticals |
| 40131143 | Safety of Intravenous Infusion of BPC157 in Humans: A Pilot Study | 2025 | Altern Ther Health Med |
| 40756949 | Emerging Use of BPC-157 in Orthopaedic Sports Medicine: A Systematic Review | 2025 | HSS J |
| 40789979 | Regeneration or Risk: A Narrative Review of BPC-157 for Musculoskeletal Injuries | 2025 | โ |
Calcitonin โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10996576 | PROOF Trial: Nasal Spray Salmon Calcitonin in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis | 2000 | Am J Med |
| 21660557 | Calcitonin for Acute and Chronic Pain of Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures | 2012 | Osteoporos Int |
| 28981741 | Cancer Risk Associated with Calcitonin Use: Population-Based Cohort | 2017 | Jpn J Clin Oncol |
Carnosine โ 2 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29858687 | Carnosine and AGEs: Systematic Review | 2018 | Amino Acids |
| 37049610 | Carnosine and Beta-Alanine Supplementation Review | 2023 | Nutrients |
Cagrilintide โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33894838 | Cagrilintide Phase 2 Dose-Finding in Obesity | 2021 | Lancet |
| 34288673 | Cagrilintide Plus Semaglutide Phase 1b Combination Trial | 2021 | Lancet |
| 34798060 | Amylin Analogue Cagrilintide: Mechanism and Pharmacology | 2022 | Diabetes Obes Metab |
CJC-1295 NO DAC โ 9 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15817669 | Discovery and Characterization of Modified GRF Analogs (CJC-1295 discovery) | 2005 | Endocrinology |
| 16352683 | Prolonged stimulation of GH and IGF-1 secretion by CJC-1295 | 2006 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab |
| 16822960 | CJC-1295 GH Axis Pharmacology in Animal Models | 2006 | Am J Physiol |
| 17018654 | CJC-1295 Human Pharmacokinetics and GH Response | 2006 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab |
| 19386527 | CJC-1295 Sustained GH and IGF-1 Elevation in Humans | 2009 | Growth Horm IGF Res |
| 26771670 | Netnography of Female Use of the Synthetic Growth Hormone CJC-1295 | 2016 | โ |
| 30489688 | An immuno-PCR screen for the detection of CJC-1295 | 2019 | โ |
| 34665524 | Advances in the detection of growth hormone releasing hormones | 2021 | โ |
| 41476424 | CJC-1295 and Ipamorelin in Sports Medicine | 2026 | Am J Sports Med |
CJC-1295 W DAC โ 5 studies (shared with CJC-1295 NO DAC)
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15817669 | Discovery and Characterization of Modified GRF Analogs (CJC-1295 discovery) | 2005 | Endocrinology |
| 16352683 | Prolonged stimulation of GH and IGF-1 secretion by CJC-1295 | 2006 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab |
| 16822960 | CJC-1295 GH Axis Pharmacology in Animal Models | 2006 | Am J Physiol |
| 17018654 | CJC-1295 Human Pharmacokinetics and GH Response | 2006 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab |
| 19386527 | CJC-1295 Sustained GH and IGF-1 Elevation in Humans | 2009 | Growth Horm IGF Res |
Note: These 5 studies are shared with the CJC-1295 NO DAC section above, as the research covers the CJC-1295 molecule in both DAC and non-DAC formulations.
DSIP โ 5 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6548966 | DSIP: Characterization and Multivariate Functions | 1984 | โ |
| 6895513 | DSIP: Acute and Delayed Effects on Human Sleep | 1983 | โ |
| 16539679 | DSIP: A Still Unresolved Riddle | 2006 | โ |
| 22432135 | DSIP Modulates Stress-Related Fos in Limbic Structures | 2012 | โ |
| 39444618 | DSIP Fusion Peptide BBB Crossing: Insomnia Models | 2024 | โ |
Dulaglutide โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31189511 | Dulaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes (REWIND) | 2019 | Lancet |
| 31927749 | Efficacy and safety of dulaglutide: systematic review and meta-analysis of 21 RCTs | 2020 | Diabetes Obes Metab |
| 33397768 | Dulaglutide 3.0 mg and 4.5 mg vs. 1.5 mg (AWARD-11) | 2021 | Diabetes Care |
Degarelix โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19035858 | Degarelix Phase III: 12-month comparative study vs leuprolide | 2008 | BJU Int |
| 20952020 | Degarelix cardiovascular safety: Phase III results | 2010 | J Urol |
| 39343637 | Comparative cardiovascular safety of GnRH antagonists vs agonists | 2025 | Eur Urol Oncol |
Desmopressin โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30216627 | Desmopressin vs Alarm in Paediatric Nocturnal Enuresis: Network Meta-Analysis | 2018 | J Pediatr Urol |
| 29491128 | Use of Desmopressin in Hemophilia A: Towards a Golden Jubilee | 2018 | Haemophilia |
| 40728007 | Desmopressin for Nocturnal Enuresis in Children (Cochrane) | 2025 | Cochrane Database Syst Rev |
Difelikefalin โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31702883 | KALM-1: Phase 3 Trial in HD Pruritus | 2020 | N Engl J Med |
| 32405581 | KALM-2: Confirmatory Phase 3 Trial | 2020 | J Am Soc Nephrol |
| 36015082 | Difelikefalin CKD-aP Systematic Review | 2022 | Dermatol Ther |
Elagolix โ 2 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28525302 | Treatment of endometriosis-associated pain with elagolix (Elaris EM-I/II) | 2017 | N Engl J Med |
| 31971678 | Elagolix for heavy menstrual bleeding in women with uterine fibroids | 2020 | N Engl J Med |
Exenatide โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19719703 | Exenatide efficacy and safety: a systematic review | 2009 | Diabet Med |
| 25744115 | Five-year efficacy and safety data of exenatide once weekly (DURATION-1) | 2015 | Mayo Clin Proc |
| 28910237 | Effects of once-weekly exenatide on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes (EXSCEL) | 2017 | N Engl J Med |
Epitalon โ 11 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11087911 | Epitalon lifespan increase in Drosophila (11-16%) | 2000 | Mech Ageing Dev |
| 12049808 | Epitalon inhibits colon carcinogenesis in rats | 2002 | Cancer Letters |
| 12096440 | Aging of the pineal gland; melatonin restoration in primates | 2002 | Adv Gerontol |
| 12937682 | Epithalon induces telomerase and telomere elongation | 2003 | Bull Exp Biol Med |
| 15455129 | Epitalon promotes overcoming Hayflick limit via hTERT | 2004 | Bull Exp Biol Med |
| 16634527 | Epitalon anti-tumor in mice (partially independent โ Kossoy/Israel) | 2006 | In Vivo |
| 35413689 | Epitalon protects oocytes (fully independent โ Yue/China) | 2022 | Aging |
| 39788414 | Epitalon-activated telomerase enhances bovine oocyte maturation | 2024 | โ |
| 40141333 | Overview of Epitalon: Highly Bioactive Pineal Tetrapeptide | 2025 | โ |
| 40908429 | Epitalon increases telomere length in human cell lines | 2025 | โ |
| 41240216 | Correction: Epitalon telomere length | 2025 | โ |
GLP-1 (Native) โ 6 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17928588 | The Physiology of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (Holst) | 2007 | Physiol Rev |
| 24811133 | Effects of GLP-1 on Appetite and Weight | 2014 | Rev Endocr Metab Disord |
| 26637406 | Regulation of GLP-1-Producing L-Cells | 2016 | Clin Sci |
| 27287542 | Incretin Hormone GLP-1: Secretion Mechanisms | 2016 | J Diabetes |
| 29364588 | Incretin Hormones: Role in Health and Disease (Nauck) | 2018 | Diabetes Obes Metab |
| 31002893 | GLP-1: Molecular Mechanisms and Outcomes | 2019 | Neurochem Int |
GLP-2 โ 6 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16602931 | Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 (Estall/Drucker) | 2006 | Annu Rev Nutr |
| 22982184 | Teduglutide reduces parenteral support in SBS (pivotal Phase III) | 2012 | Gastroenterology |
| 29202475 | Discovery of Glucagon-Like Peptides (Drucker/Habener/Holst) | 2017 | J Clin Invest |
| 35774551 | Teduglutide in pediatric intestinal failure: Systematic Review | 2022 | Front Nutr |
| 37364133 | Teduglutide efficacy/safety in infants and children (Phase III) | 2023 | JPGN |
| 38873891 | Long-term teduglutide in pediatric SBS (96-week) | 2024 | JPGN |
GIP โ 2 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24843641 | GIP and GLP-1: Incretin Actions Beyond the Pancreas | 2013 | Cell Metab |
| 39951489 | GIP in Incretin Physiology: Role in Health and Disease | 2025 | Endocr Rev |
Ghrelin โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10604470 | Ghrelin Discovery: GH-Releasing Peptide from Stomach | 1999 | Nature |
| 15788704 | Ghrelin: Structure and Function | 2004 | Endocr Rev |
| 22385874 | Ghrelin: Physiological Significance and Clinical Applications | 2012 | Curr Pharm Des |
Goserelin โ 3 studies (+ 2 shared with Leuprolide)
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9233866 | Improved survival with radiotherapy and goserelin in locally advanced prostate cancer | 1997 | N Engl J Med |
| 7624991 | Goserelin vs orchiectomy in advanced prostate cancer: final results | 1995 | Urology |
| 35862873 | Twenty-year benefit from adjuvant goserelin in premenopausal breast cancer | 2022 | J Clin Oncol |
| 10744594 | Single-therapy androgen suppression: systematic review (shared) | 2000 | Ann Intern Med |
| 29438592 | GnRH agonist equivalence: systematic review (shared) | 2018 | BJU Int |
GHK-Cu โ 11 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 18644225 | The human tri-peptide GHK and tissue remodeling | 2008 | J Biomater Sci Polym Ed |
| 25302294 | GHK and DNA: Resetting the Human Genome to Health | 2014 | Biomed Res Int |
| 26236730 | GHK Peptide as a Natural Modulator of Multiple Cellular Pathways | 2015 | โ |
| 27517151 | GHK-Cu ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice | 2016 | Oncotarget |
| 28212278 | GHK gene expression relevant to nervous system and cognitive decline | 2017 | Brain Sciences |
| 28370978 | GHK-Cu-liposomes accelerate scald wound healing | 2017 | Wound Repair Regen |
| 29986520 | Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of New Gene Data | 2018 | Int J Mol Sci |
| 35083444 | The potential of GHK as an anti-aging peptide | 2022 | โ |
| 36905132 | GHK-Cu rescues smoking-induced skeletal muscle dysfunction via SIRT1 | 2023 | J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle |
| 39795193 | Are We Ready to Measure Skin Permeation of Modern Antiaging Peptides? | 2024 | โ |
| 39963574 | Topically applied GHK as an anti-wrinkle peptide: Advantages and limitations | 2025 | โ |
Glutathione โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24791752 | Oral Glutathione Supplementation RCT: Body Stores | 2015 | Eur J Nutr |
| 28853742 | Liposomal Glutathione: GSH and Immune Markers | 2018 | Eur J Clin Nutr |
| 35624890 | GSH Supplementation in Elderly T2D: RCT | 2022 | Antioxidants |
HCG โ 5 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15713727 | hCG-Based Therapies for Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism | 2005 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab |
| 23260550 | HCG Stimulation Test for Leydig Cell Function | 2013 | Clin Endocrinol |
| 25904023 | HCG for Testosterone Maintenance During TRT | 2015 | J Urol |
| 29772111 | Low-Dose HCG in Men on Testosterone Therapy | 2018 | Fertil Steril |
| 30159241 | HCG Preserves Fertility in Men on TRT | 2018 | Transl Androl Urol |
IGF-1 LR3 โ 5 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16166219 | The local expression and abundance of IGF-1 | 2005 | โ |
| 32573852 | Coronary vascular growth matches IGF-1-stimulated cardiac growth | 2020 | โ |
| 33427051 | IGF-1 infusion to fetal sheep increases organ growth | 2021 | โ |
| 36091374 | Sheep recombinant IGF-1 promotes organ-specific growth in fetuses | 2022 | โ |
| 41418663 | Provisional Treatment of Volumetric Muscle Loss With Insulin-Like Growth Factor | 2025 | โ |
Ipamorelin โ 9 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9849822 | Ipamorelin, the first selective growth hormone secretagogue | 1998 | Eur J Endocrinol |
| 9879640 | Pharmacokinetic evaluation of ipamorelin and other peptidyl GH secretagogues | 1999 | โ |
| 10373343 | Ipamorelin induces longitudinal bone growth in rats | 1999 | Growth Horm IGF Res |
| 10496658 | PK-PD modeling of ipamorelin | 1999 | โ |
| 11735244 | Ipamorelin Effects on Bone Formation and Turnover | 2001 | Growth Horm IGF Res |
| 19289567 | Ipamorelin for Postoperative Ileus | 2009 | J Pharmacol Exp Ther |
| 25331030 | Ipamorelin for Postoperative Ileus: Phase II RCT | 2014 | Int J Colorectal Dis |
| 32257855 | GH Secretagogues and Body Composition Review | 2020 | Transl Androl Urol |
| 39043357 | The GHS-R1a agonists, anamorelin and ipamorelin | 2024 | โ |
Kisspeptin-10 โ 8 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31399145 | Reproductive functions of Kisspeptin/KISS1R Systems | 2019 | โ |
| 33045946 | Role of Kisspeptin in Regulation of Reproductive and Immune Functions | 2021 | โ |
| 33196464 | Kisspeptin as IVF Trigger Reduces OHSS Risk | 2021 | โ |
| 34210598 | Clinical Potential of Kisspeptin in Reproductive Health | 2021 | โ |
| 36287566 | Kisspeptin Modulation of Sexual Arousal in Humans | 2022 | โ |
| 36735255 | Kisspeptin Administration in Hypothalamic Amenorrhea | 2023 | โ |
| 38861336 | Kisspeptin signaling in astrocytes modulates the reproductive axis | 2024 | โ |
| 39813600 | Kisspeptin and neurokinin B roles in reproductive health | 2025 | โ |
KPV โ 8 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11268347 | The neuroimmunomodulatory peptide alpha-MSH | 2001 | Ann N Y Acad Sci |
| 11268348 | The neuropeptide alpha-MSH in host defense | 2001 | Ann N Y Acad Sci |
| 12750433 | Dissection of the anti-inflammatory effect of the core and C-terminal alpha-MSH fragments | 2003 | J Pharmacol Exp Ther |
| 15102092 | alpha-MSH, MSH 11-13 KPV and adrenergic system | 2004 | J Invest Dermatol |
| 17934097 | alpha-MSH related peptides: a new class of anti-inflammatory agents | 2007 | Ann Rheum Dis |
| 18061177 | KPV PepT1-Mediated Uptake Reduces Intestinal Inflammation | 2008 | โ |
| 18092346 | KPV Anti-Inflammatory Potential in Murine IBD | 2008 | โ |
| 36240893 | KPV Smart-Release Film for Diabetic Wound Healing | 2022 | โ |
LL-37 โ 8 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27663530 | LL-37 Correlates with Venous Leg Ulcer Healing | 2016 | โ |
| 32582207 | Cathelicidins Modulate TLR-Activation and Inflammation | 2020 | โ |
| 34600462 | Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 and Its Potential as an Anti-HIV Agent | 2021 | Clin Invest Med |
| 35930707 | LL-37 Engineered Exosomes for Wound Healing | 2022 | โ |
| 38540740 | LL-37 Structures, Antimicrobial Activity, and Influence on Host Immunity | 2024 | Biomolecules |
| 40423576 | Exploring the Antimicrobial Potential of LL-37 Derivatives | 2025 | ACS Biomater Sci Eng |
| 40869425 | Antimicrobial Peptides of the Cathelicidin Family: Focus on LL-37 | 2025 | Int J Mol Sci |
| 41270816 | Decoding LL-37 Structure and antimicrobial mechanisms | 2025 | Infect Genet Evol |
Leuprolide โ 3 studies (+ 2 shared with other GnRH agents)
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10744594 | Single-therapy androgen suppression: systematic review and meta-analysis | 2000 | Ann Intern Med |
| 21300339 | Leuprolide vs oral contraceptives for endometriosis-associated pelvic pain | 2011 | Fertil Steril |
| 29438592 | GnRH agonist equivalence: systematic review | 2018 | BJU Int |
Lanreotide โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25014687 | CLARINET: Lanreotide for enteropancreatic NETs (landmark Phase III) | 2014 | N Engl J Med |
| 33052555 | CLARINET OLE: Final results of open-label extension | 2021 | Endocrine |
| 19639415 | Lanreotide Autogel RCT in acromegaly (52-week) | 2010 | Pituitary |
Liraglutide โ 5 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23812094 | SCALE Maintenance: Weight maintenance with liraglutide after LCD | 2013 | Int J Obes |
| 26132939 | SCALE: Liraglutide 3.0mg in weight management (pivotal Saxenda trial) | 2015 | N Engl J Med |
| 26597252 | Liraglutide clinical PK/PD review | 2016 | Clin Pharmacokinet |
| 27295427 | LEADER: Liraglutide CV outcomes in T2D (n=9,340) | 2016 | N Engl J Med |
| 32127832 | Liraglutide efficacy/safety meta-analysis (6 RCTs, n=5,218) | 2019 | Afr Health Sci |
Linaclotide โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23958540 | Linaclotide Inhibits Colonic Nociceptors via GC-C and cGMP | 2013 | Gastroenterology |
| 29380823 | GC-C Agonists IBS-C/CIC Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis | 2018 | Am J Gastroenterol |
| 34215016 | Linaclotide for CC and IBS-C: Meta-Analysis | 2021 | Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol |
Lutetium-177-DOTATATE โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28076709 | NETTER-1: Phase 3 trial of 177Lu-DOTATATE for midgut NETs | 2017 | N Engl J Med |
| 38851203 | NETTER-2: First-line 177Lu-DOTATATE in grade 2-3 GEP-NETs | 2024 | Lancet |
| 35717045 | Lutetium-177 DOTATATE: A Practical Review | 2022 | J Nucl Med Technol |
Lutetium-177-PSMA-617 โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 34161051 | VISION: 177Lu-PSMA-617 for mCRPC (pivotal Phase 3) | 2021 | N Engl J Med |
| 29752180 | LuPSMA: Phase 2 proof-of-concept trial | 2018 | Lancet Oncol |
| 36469000 | FDA Approval Summary: Lutetium Lu 177 Vipivotide Tetraxetan | 2023 | Clin Cancer Res |
Macimorelin โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23559086 | Macimorelin (AEZS-130)-Stimulated GH Test: Validation (Phase 2) | 2013 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab |
| 29860473 | Macimorelin as a Diagnostic Test for Adult GH Deficiency (Phase 3) | 2018 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab |
| 33320108 | Sensitivity and Specificity of the Macimorelin Test for AGHD | 2021 | Endocrine |
Mazdutide โ 4 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 36247927 | Phase 1b: Mazdutide 9-10 mg in Chinese Adults with Obesity | 2023 | Diabetes Obes Metab |
| 38092790 | Phase 2 RCT of Mazdutide in Chinese Overweight/Obese Adults | 2023 | Nat Commun |
| 38440786 | Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis: Mazdutide for Weight Loss | 2024 | Front Endocrinol |
| 40421736 | Phase 3 GLORY-1: Once-Weekly Mazdutide (NEJM) | 2025 | N Engl J Med |
Melanotan 1 โ 5 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 26132941 | Afamelanotide for Erythropoietic Protoporphyria | 2015 | โ |
| 26979527 | Afamelanotide: A Review in Erythropoietic Protoporphyria | 2016 | โ |
| 33507118 | Afamelanotide for prevention of phototoxicity in erythropoietic protoporphyria | 2021 | โ |
| 37831089 | Erythropoietic protoporphyria and afamelanotide: a patient's perspective | 2023 | โ |
| 40258105 | (Untitled โ see note) | 2023 | โ |
Melanotan II โ 5 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9679884 | Melanotan II: Melanocortin Agonist Tanning and Erectile Effects | 1998 | โ |
| 11035391 | Melanotan II Subcutaneous Clinical Trial: Erectile Response | 2000 | โ |
| 15996790 | Synthetic Melanotropins and Melanotan II: Safety and Efficacy Review | 2005 | โ |
| 23121206 | Melanotan II: Adverse Events and Case Reports | 2012 | โ |
| 28266027 | Risks of Melanotan II Use: Rhabdomyolysis and Melanoma Concerns | 2017 | โ |
MOTS-C โ 10 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25738459 | The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis | 2015 | Cell Metab |
| 29983246 | MOTS-c translocates to nucleus to regulate gene expression (AMPK-dependent) | 2018 | Cell Metab |
| 31378979 | MOTS-c: A Mitochondrial-Encoded Regulator of the Nucleus | 2019 | โ |
| 33473109 | MOTS-c: exercise-induced regulator of age-dependent physical decline | 2021 | Nature Communications |
| 33554779 | MOTS-c reduces myostatin and muscle atrophy signaling | 2021 | Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab |
| 34798268 | MOTS-c relieves hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in GDM | 2022 | Pharmacol Res |
| 36677050 | MOTS-c Functionally Prevents Metabolic Disorders | 2023 | Metabolites |
| 36761202 | MOTS-c: A promising mitochondrial-derived peptide for therapeutic applications | 2023 | โ |
| 36824008 | Mitochondrial-Encoded Peptide MOTS-c, Diabetes, and Aging-Related Diseases | 2023 | โ |
| 39321430 | Mitochondrial-Derived Peptide MOTS-c Suppresses Ovarian Cancer | 2024 | โ |
NAD+ โ 11 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24786309 | NAD+ and sirtuins in aging and disease | 2014 | โ |
| 26785480 | NAD+ in aging, metabolism, and neurodegeneration | 2016 | โ |
| 28721271 | NAD+ and sirtuins: "It takes two to tango" (Imai & Guarente) | 2016 | NPJ Aging Mech Dis |
| 29514064 | NAD-Boosting Molecules: The In Vivo Evidence (Sinclair lab) | 2018 | Cell Metabolism |
| 29599478 | NR supplementation in healthy older adults (crossover RCT) | 2018 | Nature Communications |
| 29992272 | NR safety/efficacy RCT in obese men (negative for insulin) | 2018 | Am J Clin Nutr |
| 33888596 | NMN increases muscle insulin sensitivity (Yoshino, Science) | 2021 | Science |
| 34497121 | NAD+ supplementation reduces neuroinflammation and cell senescence | 2021 | โ |
| 36482258 | NMN dose-dependent safety RCT (multicenter, n=80) | 2023 | GeroScience |
| 37068054 | Dietary Supplementation With NAD+-Boosting Compounds in Humans | 2023 | โ |
| 37683629 | NAD+ rescues aging-induced blood-brain barrier damage | 2023 | โ |
Oxytocin โ 8 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23850525 | Oxytocin, motivation and the role of dopamine | 2013 | โ |
| 26404844 | Intranasal Oxytocin: Mechanisms and Sexual Function | 2015 | โ |
| 29897293 | The Oxytocin Receptor: From Intracellular Signaling to Behavior | 2018 | โ |
| 32981445 | Oxytocin and the Neurobiology of Prosocial Behavior | 2020 | โ |
| 33823654 | Oxytocin, Neural Plasticity, and Social Behavior | 2021 | โ |
| 34638719 | Oxytocin and Stress-Related Disorders: RCT Evidence | 2021 | โ |
| 34644471 | Oxytocin Effects on Pain Perception: Systematic Review | 2021 | โ |
| 38626843 | Neuropeptides affecting social behavior in mammals: Oxytocin | 2024 | โ |
Orforglipron โ 2 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 37351564 | Daily oral GLP-1 receptor agonist orforglipron for adults with obesity | 2023 | N Engl J Med |
| 37369232 | Efficacy and safety of oral orforglipron in type 2 diabetes | 2023 | Lancet |
Octreotide โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22574156 | Meta-analysis on octreotide tumor mass effects in acromegaly | 2012 | PLoS One |
| 19704057 | PROMID: Octreotide LAR antiproliferative in midgut NETs | 2009 | J Clin Oncol |
| 29872467 | Octreotide – A Review of its Use in Treating Neuroendocrine Tumours | 2018 | Eur Endocrinol |
Pasireotide โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22397653 | Phase 3 study of pasireotide in Cushing's disease | 2012 | N Engl J Med |
| 25260838 | PAOLA: Pasireotide vs octreotide/lanreotide in acromegaly | 2014 | Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol |
| 29032078 | Once-monthly pasireotide LAR in Cushing's disease | 2018 | Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol |
PEG-MGF โ 5 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15501012 | Growth Factors and Muscle Ageing: MGF | 2004 | โ |
| 17581790 | MGF Reduces Loss of Cardiac Function Post-MI | 2007 | โ |
| 20130113 | Mechano-Growth Factor: Tissue Repair Review | 2010 | โ |
| 30140235 | MGF Modulates Inflammatory Cytokines in Muscle Regeneration | 2018 | โ |
| 35457148 | MGF Accelerates ACL Repair via Rac1-RhoA | 2022 | โ |
Pinealon โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21978084 | Pinealon Short Peptide: Geroprotective Effects | 2011 | Bull Exp Biol Med |
| 22567179 | Pinealon Neuroprotective Activity in Ischemia Model | 2012 | Bull Exp Biol Med |
| 28853087 | Pinealon Epigenetic Regulation and Gene Expression | 2017 | Adv Gerontol |
Pramlintide โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 18561511 | Pramlintide: physiology, pathophysiology, and vascular risk | 2008 | Vasc Health Risk Manag |
| 18753666 | Sustained weight loss following 12-month pramlintide treatment in obesity | 2008 | Diabetes Care |
| 21199269 | Effect of pramlintide on glycemic control and weight: systematic review and meta-analysis | 2011 | Diabetes Obes Metab |
Plecanatide โ 2 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28169285 | Plecanatide Phase III CIC Trial | 2017 | Am J Gastroenterol |
| 29376436 | Plecanatide Efficacy and Safety in IBS-C | 2018 | Am J Gastroenterol |
PNC-27 โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20080680 | PNC-27 Kills Cancer Cells via Membrane HDM-2 Binding (PNAS) | 2010 | Proc Natl Acad Sci |
| 32878773 | PNC-27 Induces Necrosis in Leukemia but Not Normal Cells | 2020 | Anticancer Res |
| 35625682 | Chimeric p53-Penetratin: Membrane-Pore Formation and Cancer Lysis | 2022 | Biomedicines |
PNC-28 โ 2 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16688716 | PNC-28 Blocks Pancreatic Cancer Growth In Vivo | 2007 | J Surg Res |
| 18931881 | Penetratin Sequence Causes Tumor Necrosis Not Apoptosis | 2009 | Ann Surg Oncol |
PT-141 โ 10 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 18206919 | Melanocortin Receptor Agonists: Bremelanotide (PT-141) Erectile Function Studies | 2008 | โ |
| 25096243 | Bremelanotide for Female Sexual Dysfunctions: Phase II Dose-Finding | 2014 | โ |
| 31381550 | Bremelanotide (Vyleesi) for hypoactive sexual desire disorder | 2019 | โ |
| 31429064 | Bremelanotide: RECONNECT Phase 3 Trial for HSDD | 2019 | โ |
| 31599840 | Efficacy and Safety of Bremelanotide for HSDD: Pooled Analysis of Phase 3 | 2019 | โ |
| 31893927 | Bremelanotide: New Drug Approved for Treating Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder | 2019 | โ |
| 33455598 | Bremelanotide for Treatment of HSDD: Safety and Efficacy Update | 2021 | โ |
| 35076581 | Bremelanotide for Treatment of Female Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder | 2022 | โ |
| 35428435 | Medical Treatment of Female Sexual Dysfunction | 2022 | โ |
| 36809187 | Small Effects, Questionable Outcomes: Bremelanotide for Hypoactive Sexual Desire | 2023 | โ |
Retatrutide โ 10 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 35985340 | LY3437943: Discovery to clinical proof of concept (Cell Metab) | 2022 | Cell Metabolism |
| 36354040 | Retatrutide Phase 1b multiple ascending dose trial | 2022 | Lancet |
| 37366315 | Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity (Phase 2) | 2023 | N Engl J Med |
| 37385280 | Retatrutide Phase 2 in Type 2 Diabetes | 2023 | Lancet |
| 38687506 | Incretin-Based Weight Loss Pharmacotherapy | 2024 | โ |
| 38843460 | GLP-1 Medicines Efficacy and Safety (Drucker review) | 2024 | Diabetes Care |
| 38858523 | Retatrutide for MASLD Phase 2a (82.4% liver fat reduction) | 2024 | Nature Medicine |
| 39318607 | Effects of once-weekly retatrutide on weight and cardiometabolic risk | 2024 | โ |
| 39761578 | Efficacy/Safety of GLP-1 RAs, Dual, and Triple Agonists | 2025 | โ |
| 40685589 | Efficacy/Safety of GLP-1 RAs (2025 update) | 2025 | โ |
Relugolix โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 32469183 | Oral relugolix for ADT in advanced prostate cancer (HERO trial) | 2020 | N Engl J Med |
| 36652173 | Relugolix: a review in advanced prostate cancer | 2023 | Target Oncol |
| 38143206 | Testosterone recovery for relugolix vs leuprolide: HERO results | 2024 | Eur Urol Oncol |
Selank โ 11 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15508574 | A new property of the synthetic anxiolytic Selank | 2004 | โ |
| 18577961 | Selank immunomodulatory effects in anxiety patients (human clinical) | 2008 | Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr |
| 22550852 | The role of opioid system in the anti-anxiety effect of Selank | 2012 | โ |
| 25176261 | A comparison of the anxiolytic effect and tolerability of Selank | 2014 | โ |
| 26924987 | Selank affects GABAergic neurotransmission gene expression | 2016 | Front Pharmacol |
| 28293190 | GABA, Selank, and Olanzapine Affect the Expression of Genes | 2017 | โ |
| 30255741 | Peptide-based anxiolytics: Selank molecular mechanisms (GABA-A allosteric) | 2018 | Protein Pept Lett |
| 31625062 | Selank protects against ethanol-induced memory impairment via BDNF | 2019 | Bull Exp Biol Med |
| 32342318 | Functional connectomic approach to Semax and Selank (human fMRI, n=52) | 2020 | Dokl Biol Sci |
| 32621722 | Selank influence on cytokines under social stress | 2021 | Curr Rev Clin Exp Pharmacol |
| 36322304 | Selank, a Peptide Analog of Tuftsin, Attenuates Aversive Signals | 2022 | โ |
Sermorelin โ 5 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8329825 | Sermorelin GH-Releasing Hormone Pharmacology | 1993 | Endocr Rev |
| 9141536 | Sermorelin for GH Deficiency in Adults | 1997 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab |
| 9360512 | Sermorelin: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Use | 1997 | Drugs |
| 18031173 | Sermorelin Long-Term Body Composition Effects | 2007 | Horm Res |
| 18046908 | Sermorelin: Review of Efficacy and Safety | 2007 | Expert Opin Investig Drugs |
Setmelanotide โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33137293 | Setmelanotide Phase 3 Trials: POMC and LEPR Deficiency Obesity | 2020 | Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol |
| 33638809 | Setmelanotide: First Approval | 2021 | Drugs |
| 35528826 | Natural History of POMC/PCSK1/LEPR Deficiency and Setmelanotide Impact | 2022 | J Endocr Soc |
SLU-PP-332 โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 36988910 | SLU-PP-332 ERR Agonist: Exercise Mimetic Discovery | 2023 | J Med Chem |
| 37739806 | SLU-PP-332 ERR Activation and Muscle Fiber Type Switching | 2023 | ACS Chem Biol |
| 37961903 | SLU-PP-332 Exercise-Mimetic Effects on Metabolic Pathways | 2023 | J Biol Chem |
SNAP-8 โ 2 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33195061 | Cosmeceutical Peptides in the Framework of Sustainable Wellness Economy | 2020 | Molecules |
| 39082657 | Dissolving Microneedle Patch with Acetyl Octapeptide-3: Clinical Anti-Wrinkle Evaluation | 2024 | J Cosmet Dermatol |
Somatostatin โ 2 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10433861 | Somatostatin and Its Receptor Family | 1999 | Front Neuroendocrinol |
| 16625838 | Physiology of Somatostatin Receptors | 2006 | Eur J Endocrinol |
Semaglutide โ 15 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27633186 | SUSTAIN 6: CV outcomes in T2D (n=3,297) | 2016 | N Engl J Med |
| 33320179 | GLP-1 action: synthesis to receptor activation (mechanism review) | 2021 | Endocr Rev |
| 33567185 | STEP 1: Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Obesity | 2021 | N Engl J Med |
| 33625476 | STEP 3: Semaglutide + intensive behavioral therapy (n=611) | 2021 | JAMA |
| 33667417 | STEP 2: Semaglutide in T2D + obesity (n=1,210) | 2021 | Lancet |
| 34942372 | Semaglutide for the treatment of obesity | 2021 | โ |
| 35015037 | STEP 8: Semaglutide vs liraglutide head-to-head (n=338) | 2022 | JAMA |
| 36216945 | STEP 5: Two-year sustained effects (n=304) | 2022 | Nature Medicine |
| 36322838 | Semaglutide in Adolescents with Obesity | 2022 | โ |
| 36578889 | Efficacy and Safety of Semaglutide for Weight Loss | 2023 | โ |
| 37385278 | OASIS 1: Oral semaglutide 50mg for obesity (n=667) | 2023 | Lancet |
| 37735340 | Real-world semaglutide weight loss data (n=350) | 2024 | Endocrine |
| 37952131 | SELECT: CV outcomes in obesity without diabetes (n=17,604) | 2023 | N Engl J Med |
| 38787986 | Semaglutide GI safety meta-analysis | 2024 | Medicine |
| 39476339 | Semaglutide in Obesity and Knee Osteoarthritis | 2024 | โ |
Semax โ 11 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14556513 | The heptapeptide SEMAX stimulates BDNF expression | 2003 | โ |
| 16635254 | Semax binds and increases BDNF protein in rat basal forebrain | 2006 | J Neurochem |
| 16996037 | Semax, an analog of ACTH(4-10) with cognitive effects | 2007 | โ |
| 17353092 | Neurotrophin gene expression in rat brain under Semax | 2007 | Neurosci Lett |
| 19633950 | Semax activates neurotrophin transcription after cerebral ischemia | 2010 | Cell Mol Neurobiol |
| 19662538 | Comparison of NGF and BDNF gene expression dynamics after Semax | 2009 | โ |
| 24661604 | Semax genome-wide transcriptional analysis in focal ischemia | 2014 | BMC Genomics |
| 29798983 | The efficacy of Semax in the treatment of patients at different stages of stroke | 2018 | โ |
| 32342318 | Functional connectomic approach to Semax and Selank (human fMRI, n=52) | 2020 | Dokl Biol Sci |
| 39442746 | Semax antidepressant-like and antistress effects (CUS model) | 2024 | Eur J Pharmacol |
| 41490200 | Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges | 2025 | โ |
SS-31 โ 8 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29217757 | Elamipretide Heart Failure RCT (EMBRACE) | 2018 | Circ Heart Fail |
| 31747905 | Elamipretide (SS-31) improves mitochondrial dysfunction | 2019 | J Neuroinflammation |
| 33001359 | Barth syndrome cardiomyopathy: targeting the mitochondria with elamipretide | 2020 | Heart Fail Rev |
| 35037146 | Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction with elamipretide | 2022 | Heart Fail Rev |
| 37462785 | SS-31 Improves ADP Sensitivity in Aged Mitochondria | 2023 | โ |
| 38602181 | TAZPOWER Long-Term Elamipretide in Barth Syndrome | 2024 | โ |
| 39940712 | Elamipretide: A Review of Its Structure, Mechanism of Action | 2025 | Int J Mol Sci |
| 40080911 | The Mitochondria-Targeted Peptide Therapeutic Elamipretide | 2025 | Aging Cell |
Survodutide โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 38095657 | Survodutide dose-response in type 2 diabetes vs. placebo and semaglutide | 2024 | Diabetologia |
| 38330987 | Survodutide for obesity: Phase 2 dose-finding trial | 2024 | Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol |
| 38847460 | Phase 2 trial of survodutide in MASH and fibrosis | 2024 | N Engl J Med |
TB-500 โ 13 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10469335 | Thymosin beta4 accelerates wound healing | 1999 | J Invest Dermatol |
| 17468232 | beta-Thymosins: small acidic peptides with multiple functions | 2007 | โ |
| 17947589 | Thymosin beta 4 induces hair growth via stem cell migration | 2007 | Ann N Y Acad Sci |
| 19668473 | Thymosin beta 4: A novel corneal wound healing and anti-inflammatory agent | 2009 | โ |
| 25015963 | Thymosin-ฮฒ4 prevents cardiac rupture and improves cardiac function post-MI | 2014 | Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol |
| 27450736 | Cardioprotection by Thymosin Beta 4 | 2016 | Vitamins and Hormones |
| 30063853 | Thymosin beta 4 and the eye: bench to bedside | 2018 | Expert Opin Biol Ther |
| 34992578 | Progress on the Function and Application of Thymosin ฮฒ4 | 2021 | Front Endocrinol |
| 36464872 | Thymosin ฮฒ4 and Actin: Binding Modes, Biological Functions and Clinical Applications | 2023 | Curr Protein Pept Sci |
| 36709593 | Thymosin beta-4: New Directions for Anti-Aging Regenerative Therapies | 2023 | Int Immunopharmacol |
| 37018981 | Thymosin beta 4: A potential novel adjunct treatment for bacterial infections | 2023 | โ |
| 37689229 | Thymosin beta-4 participates in antibacterial immunity and wound healing | 2023 | โ |
| 38706788 | Thymosin beta-4: A potential tool in healing middle ear lesions | 2024 | โ |
Tesamorelin โ 8 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22050344 | Spotlight on tesamorelin in HIV-associated lipodystrophy | 2011 | BioDrugs |
| 22298602 | Tesamorelin: a growth hormone-releasing factor analogue for HIV-associated lipodystrophy | 2012 | Ann Pharmacother |
| 22869065 | Tesamorelin Cognitive Function in MCI and Healthy Older Adults | 2012 | โ |
| 25038357 | Tesamorelin Reduces Visceral and Liver Fat | 2014 | โ |
| 31644039 | Tesamorelin | 2019 | โ |
| 32701508 | Effects of tesamorelin on hepatic transcriptomic signatures in HIV lipodystrophy | 2020 | JCI Insight |
| 38905488 | Efficacy and safety of tesamorelin in people with HIV on integrase inhibitors | 2024 | AIDS |
| 41545261 | Tesamorelin Body Composition Meta-Analysis | 2025 | โ |
Teriparatide โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11346808 | Effect of PTH(1-34) on Fractures and BMD in Postmenopausal Women | 2001 | N Engl J Med |
| 30694878 | Clinical Application of Teriparatide in Fracture Prevention: A Systematic Review | 2019 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab |
| 39222329 | Teriparatide in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: Meta-Analysis vs Other Treatments | 2024 | BMC Musculoskelet Disord |
Tesofensine โ 5 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 18356831 | Tesofensine Triple Monoamine Reuptake Inhibitor Pharmacology | 2008 | J Pharmacol Exp Ther |
| 18950853 | Tesofensine Phase 2 Weight Loss Dose-Finding (TIPO-1) | 2008 | Lancet |
| 19777399 | Tesofensine Appetite Suppression and Body Composition Effects | 2009 | Int J Obes |
| 20479765 | Tesofensine Energy Expenditure and Thermogenesis | 2010 | Obesity |
| 24239329 | Tesofensine Long-Term Efficacy and Safety Review | 2013 | Expert Opin Pharmacother |
Thymosin Alpha-1 โ 11 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11381492 | Thymosin alpha-1 | 2001 | โ |
| 21272455 | IFN + Thymosin Alpha-1 vs IFN monotherapy for HBV: Meta-analysis (7 RCTs) | 2011 | Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi |
| 25640173 | Thymosin alpha-1 treatment in chronic hepatitis B | 2015 | โ |
| 26517783 | Ulinastatin and/or Thymosin ฮฑ1 for severe sepsis: Meta-analysis | 2016 | J Trauma Acute Care Surg |
| 27450734 | Immune Modulation with Thymosin Alpha 1 Treatment | 2016 | โ |
| 33076834 | Entecavir + Tฮฑ1 for HBV Cirrhosis: Meta-analysis (7 RCTs) | 2020 | BMC Gastroenterology |
| 36056913 | Thymalfasin Pilot RCT for COVID-19 (n=49) | 2023 | J Infect Dis |
| 36812669 | Thymosin alpha-1 in cancer therapy: Immunoregulation and potential synergies | 2023 | โ |
| 37845598 | Tฮฑ1 in COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (8 studies) | 2023 | Inflammopharmacology |
| 39814420 | TESTS Phase 3 RCT: Tฮฑ1 for Sepsis (n=1,089) โ NEGATIVE primary endpoint | 2025 | BMJ |
| 41373628 | Aging and Thymosin Alpha-1 | 2025 | โ |
VIP โ 5 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11862320 | Vasoactive intestinal peptide in the immune system: potential therapeutic role | 2002 | โ |
| 22139413 | Vasoactive intestinal peptide: a neuropeptide with pleiotropic immune functions | 2012 | โ |
| 25422088 | The neuropeptide VIP: direct effects on immune cells | 2015 | โ |
| 36302761 | Targeting VIP-mediated signaling enhances cancer immunotherapy | 2022 | โ |
| 40449484 | Nociceptor neurons suppress alveolar macrophage-induced Siglec-F (VIP-related) | 2025 | โ |
Ziconotide โ 3 studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14709577 | Ziconotide for Refractory Cancer/AIDS Pain (pivotal JAMA trial) | 2004 | JAMA |
| 15578997 | Ziconotide: Neuronal Calcium Channel Blocker Review | 2004 | Curr Med Chem |
| 22151630 | Ziconotide in Chronic Nonmalignant Pain | 2012 | J Pain |
Khavinson Bioregulators โ Shared & Individual Studies (13 studies)
Short peptide bioregulators (2-4 amino acids) from the Khavinson group (Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, St. Petersburg). >95% of evidence from a single research group. Studies are organized as shared overview papers followed by peptide-specific entries.
Shared Overview Papers (cover multiple Khavinson peptides)
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal | Peptides Covered |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 34834147 | Peptide Regulation of Gene Expression: A Systematic Review | 2021 | Molecules | All Khavinson peptides |
| 35408963 | Peptides Regulating Proliferative Activity in THP-1 | 2022 | Int J Mol Sci | All Khavinson peptides |
| 27909961 | Short Peptides Regulate Gene Expression | 2016 | Bull Exp Biol Med | All Khavinson peptides |
| 22117547 | Short Peptides Nuclear Penetration and DNA Interaction | 2011 | Bull Exp Biol Med | Testagen, Livagen, Vilon, Epitalon |
Vilon โ 2 specific studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10944717 | Vilon Inhibits Spontaneous Tumors and Increases Lifespan in Mice | 2000 | Mech Ageing Dev |
| 15105581 | Vilon-Induced Chromatin Reactivation in Lymphocytes from Old People | 2004 | Georgian Med News |
Livagen โ 1 specific study
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12533768 | Livagen Effects on Chromatin Activation in Old People Lymphocytes | 2002 | Bull Exp Biol Med |
Cortagen โ 1 specific study
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15159690 | Cortagen Effect on Gene Expression in Mouse Heart by Microarray | 2004 | Neuro Endocrinol Lett |
Pancragen โ 2 specific studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 18642713 | Pancragen Effects on Blood Glucose in Experimental Diabetes | 2008 | Bull Exp Biol Med |
| 23486591 | Pancragen Effects on Pancreatic Cell Differentiation During Aging | 2013 | Bull Exp Biol Med |
Cardiogen โ 2 specific studies
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20210190 | Cardiogen Effect on Myocardial Tissue Culture | 2009 | Adv Gerontol |
| 36611900 | SASP of Cardiovascular Cells and Inflammaging | 2023 | Cells |
Prostamax โ 1 specific study
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15612551 | Prostamax Effect on Heterochromatin of Human Lymphocytes | 2004 | Tsitologiia |
Cartalax โ 1 specific study
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 18306703 | Peptide Regulators Effect on Bone Tissue in Aging Rats | 2007 | Adv Gerontol |
Crystagen โ 1 specific study
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 28976144 | Immunoprotective Activity of Peptides in Spleen During Aging | 2017 | Adv Gerontol |
Chonluten โ 1 specific study
| PMID | Title | Year | Journal |
|---|---|---|---|
| 26468022 | Peptide Therapy on Bronchial Epithelium in Obstructive Lung | 2015 | Bull Exp Biol Med |
Testagen โ (uses shared studies only, see above)
Cancer & Peptides โ Cross-Cutting Studies
These 41 studies span multiple peptides and address cancer risk, cancer therapy adjuncts, and oncological safety. They are cross-referenced from individual peptide sections above and the Compliance/Cancer Safety Matrix. Includes oncology-adjacent peptides (Lanreotide, Anamorelin, Lu-177-DOTATATE).
| PMID | Title | Year | Peptide(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 38018310 | GLP-1RA Thyroid Cancer Risk: Meta-Analysis of 64 RCTs | 2023 | Semaglutide, Liraglutide, Tirzepatide |
| 36356111 | GLP-1RA and Risk of Thyroid Cancer: Real-World Data | 2022 | Semaglutide, Liraglutide |
| 41359966 | GLP-1RA Cancer Risk: Systematic Review (94,245 Patients) | 2026 | Semaglutide, Liraglutide, Tirzepatide |
| 20203154 | GLP-1RA Rodent Thyroid C-Cell Activation | 2010 | Semaglutide, Liraglutide |
| 40437949 | GLP-1RA Cancer Risk: Meta-Analysis of RCTs | 2025 | Semaglutide, Liraglutide, Tirzepatide |
| 40847331 | GLP-1RA Colorectal Cancer Risk: Meta-Analysis | 2025 | Semaglutide, Liraglutide |
| 28422855 | Thymalfasin Adjuvant After HCC Liver Resection | 2017 | Thymosin Alpha-1 |
| 34011034 | Thymosin Alpha-1 After Curative HCC Resection (PSM) | 2021 | Thymosin Alpha-1 |
| 31555601 | Thymosin Alpha-1 Reappraisal in Cancer Therapy | 2019 | Thymosin Alpha-1 |
| 38308608 | Thymosin Alpha-1 Safety and Efficacy in Clinical Trials | 2024 | Thymosin Alpha-1 |
| 36812669 | Thymosin Alpha-1 in Cancer Therapy: Immunoregulation | 2023 | Thymosin Alpha-1 |
| 19669251 | Thymalfasin Plus TACE for Unresectable HCC (RCT) | 2009 | Thymosin Alpha-1 |
| 29843147 | LL-37 Roles and Mechanisms in Cancer | 2018 | LL-37 |
| 35935871 | LL-37 Inhibits Pancreatic Cancer via Autophagy Suppression | 2022 | LL-37 |
| 31786365 | Antimicrobial Peptides as Therapeutics for NSCLC | 2019 | LL-37 |
| 15110491 | IGF-1 Cancer Risk: Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis | 2004 | CJC-1295 NO DAC, Ipamorelin, Tesamorelin, Sermorelin |
| 35368070 | Long-term Safety of Growth Hormone in 15,809 Adults | 2022 | CJC-1295 NO DAC, Ipamorelin, Tesamorelin |
| 35319491 | GH Replacement Safety in Cancer Survivors: Consensus | 2022 | CJC-1295 NO DAC, Ipamorelin, Tesamorelin |
| 24818783 | Growth Hormone Therapy: Cancer and CV Risk Meta-Analysis | 2014 | CJC-1295 NO DAC, Ipamorelin, Tesamorelin |
| 24355990 | Melanoma Associated with Melanotan-II Use | 2014 | Melanotan II |
| 22724573 | Melanotan-Associated Melanoma in Situ | 2012 | Melanotan II |
| 40210573 | Melanotan II Nasal Spray: Oral Mucosal Melanoma | 2025 | Melanotan II |
| 31968661 | Topical MT-II Suppresses Melanoma via PTEN | 2020 | Melanotan II |
| 25302294 | GHK and DNA: Resetting the Human Genome to Health | 2014 | GHK-Cu |
| 12049808 | Epitalon Inhibits Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats | 2002 | Epitalon |
| 16634527 | Epitalon Effect on Spontaneous Carcinogenesis in Mice | 2006 | Epitalon |
| 39321430 | MOTS-c Suppresses Ovarian Cancer | 2024 | MOTS-C |
| 34877934 | FOXO4-DRI Radiosensitizes NSCLC and Reduces Pulmonary Fibrosis | 2022 | FOXO4-DRI |
| 28340339 | FOXO4-DRI Targeted Apoptosis of Senescent Cells | 2017 | FOXO4-DRI |
| 39623223 | Chimeric Senolytic Peptide in Tumorigenesis and Aging | 2024 | FOXO4-DRI |
| 15867098 | GnRH Agonists in Prostate Cancer Treatment | 2005 | Gonadorelin |
| 32605859 | GnRH Antagonist vs Agonist: Prostate Cancer Meta-Analysis | 2020 | Gonadorelin |
| 37969642 | CV Effects: GnRH Antagonists vs Agonists in Prostate Cancer | 2023 | Gonadorelin |
| 31294133 | Comparison of GnRH Agonists in Prostate Cancer | 2019 | Gonadorelin |
| 29718793 | GnRH Agonists: Ovarian Protection During Breast Cancer Chemo | 2018 | Gonadorelin |
| 37709824 | Anamorelin Cancer Cachexia Meta-Analysis | 2023 | Ipamorelin (class-related) |
| 26906526 | Anamorelin ROMANA 1 & 2: NSCLC Cachexia Phase III | 2016 | Ipamorelin (class-related) |
| 39225556 | Pharmacotherapy for Cancer Cachexia: Network Meta-Analysis | 2024 | Ipamorelin (class-related) |
| 14709577 | Ziconotide for Refractory Cancer Pain (RCT) | 2004 | Ziconotide (conotoxin peptide analgesic) |
| 25014687 | CLARINET: Lanreotide for Enteropancreatic NETs Phase III | 2014 | Lanreotide (somatostatin analog; no vault note) |
| 28076709 | NETTER-1: Lu-177-DOTATATE for Midgut NETs Phase III | 2017 | Lu-177-DOTATATE / Lutathera (radiolabeled somatostatin analog; no vault note) |
Study Count Summary
Related MOCs
- Peptide Index
- Condition Index
- Protocol Index
- Product Index
- Compliance Index
- Source Index
- Quick Start Guide
#MOC #index #research #pubmed